低光調（low key）畫面是以大面積的深色調與小面積的淺色調相對比形成的畫面色調，是運用暗背景襯托暗主體的一種藝術表現形式。在低光調畫面中，深灰至黑的色調層次占了畫面的絕大部分，少量的白色往往是人物的膚色和服飾，在低調中格外明顯與亮眼。
According to the Wikipedia definition of Low-key lighting is,
accentuates the contours of an object by throwing areas into shade while a fill light or reflector may illuminate the shadow areas to control contrast. The relative strength of key-to-fill, known as the lighting ratio, can be measured using a light meter. Low key lighting has a higher lighting ratio, e.g. 8:1, than high key lighting, which can approach 1:1.Low-key lighting often requires a bit more thought to set up properly and execute and isn’t as easy as some other forms of photography since most shots can’t be done in ambient light. I think it’s one of the more challenging forms to learn and master but also one of the most rewarding.
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